Elastic-fluid turbine.



w. w. BAKE.-

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE. APPLICATION men JULY 7. I916.

Patented May 11, 1915.

"a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR- W lford. DBLRL a BY /Qu A TTOBWEYS w. w. DAKE. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 7, 1910- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I W/T/VESSES: I mum/r0 v Ifvwk W Duke E4 5" (Mill m. lmlw 7Q! rm/Mrs w. w. DAKE. ELASTIC FLU ID TURBINE.' APPLICATION FILED JULY 71 I910.

- Patented May 11 1915 s SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES:

WI lf W D BY v ATTORNEY ered to the rotor and passages by which the elastic fluid 1s WILZE'OIRD W. DAKE,

OF GRAND HAVEN, MICHIGAN,

AssIcNon 'To rYLn NATIONAL ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11', 1915.

Application filed July 7, 1910. Serial No. 570,879.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, W'ILFORD WV. DAKE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Grand llayen, in the county of Ottawa and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid 'lurbine-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elastic fluid turbine engines, and its object is to provide such an engine improved as hereinafter set forth, and which shall be simple and economical in construction; This object is attained by, and my present invention is embodied in, the mechanism hereinafter described, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of an elastic fluid turbine engine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of certain parts (other parts being broken away), on line T- l of Fig. 1, being a plane at right angles to the plane of section on which Fig. 1 is taken, and illustrating the 6- livered to the rotor, passes therefrom and is redelivered thereto, and passes therefrom and is redelivercd thereto a second time; Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the primary passage block containing the passages through which the elastic fluid is first received from the rotor and redelivered thereto, said blocks supporting member being shown in section on the line of thc'arc K in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the nozzle block through which such fluid is initially delivof the secondary passage block containing the passages by which such fluid is secondarily received from the rotor and ,again redelivered thereto, the supporting member of said nozzle and block being shown in section on the line of the are l in Fig. Fig. 5 is a side view of said nozzle block, passage blocks, and their sup porting member: Fig. (i is a view in radial section of a portion, near its periphery, of the rotor body and ets carried thereby, together with part of the noznle block and its supporting member; Fig. 7 is a like view of part of said rotor body and of said rotor bucket, illustrating a preferred method of constructing the same: F igafl is a perspecti e view of a series of three rotor buckets, the left-hand bucket of one of the rotor buck being shown in section; and Fig.9 is a view in perspective from a different direction, of one of"said buckets.

A frame or casing 1 supported as by the feet 5 and having a cover 10 bolted thereto, incloses the operative parts of my turbine engine. The rotor shaft 18 provided with a collar 72, has, toward its extremity, a tapering periphery, as shown in Fig. 1, on which is frictionally secured, as by the nut 78, the correspondingly bored hub of the rotor body 19. A cylindrical portion 79 of the shaft, next its extremity, is provided with a sleeve 11, in which it is frictionally held and from which it may be withdrawn: the central bore of the cover 10 is fitted with a removable hollow cylindrical member 12. In corresponding annular races 80 in said sleeve and cylindrical member, roll the balls 81 of the shafts ball bearings. A suitable partition 16 and removable cover 13 form a bearing oil chamber, to which oil may be supplied by removing the screw plug 15. It will be seen that by removing the cover 10, the ball hearings will be carried with it, including the sleeve 11, and that the ball bearings, sleeve, etc., may be removed from the cover 10 by unscrewing the screws 14 and taking off the small cover 13.

On one face of the rotor body and at or near its periphery, are carried a series of buckets 20', continuously arranged in a circle concentric with the. rotors shaft. These buckets are concaved forward, and their side walls diverge from their middle'point outward each way at a corresponding angle, as shown in Fig. 6, so that such diverging portion may coincide as nearly as may be with the sides (shown in dotted lines in said figure) of the jet of elastic fluid deliveredto the buckets from either side. These buckets are preferably stamped from sheet metal and are formed with wings 21-, one on each side, for attaching them to the rotor body,

into two registering and concentric annular a dovetail, as shown. Fig. 7 illustrates the positionof the parts at the beginning of the operation of attaching the buckets to' when the wings are driven being thus forced to con or tightening plug, 1n

the rotor body, into the grooves, verge, a retaining which wings are adapted to be driven form' a continuous many or for all the bucket's,'is driven The elastic fluid, hereinafter referred to as fluid, or as steam,-enters'as by the pipe 2, and

111g, whence it and a passage 51 into the recess 74vformed in the inner face of the retainingfnut 56. The steam then passes through the holes-54 of the strainer 53, and through the passage 55; therein, whose lower extremityforms the seat of the valve 57. It is thence discharged by sultable. alining passages 2, as shown, into the passage 24 in the supporting member 23 'which carries the passage blocks 27 rotor, the steam emerges from impulse, on the rotor,

and31 andthe nozzle block 26, and thence into and through the nozzle 25. This nozzle may be divided, as shown in Fig. 2, by a partition 75, and delivers the steam to different buckets 76, 76 and 76 After exerting this, its first driving impulse, on the such bucket-s intothc-passages 77, 7 7 77 of the primary passage block 27, when it is, by the curved partitions 78, 78, 78

such passages, as the buckets 79, 79' and 79 After exerting this, its secondary driving the steam passes from such buckets into the passages 80, 80 and 80 of the secondary passage block 31, when i (tis, by the curved partitions 81, 81 81 and 81 again redelivered to buckets at that time opposite the vents of such passages, as the buckets 82, 82 82 and 82 and exerting this, its third impulse, escapes into the exhaust chamber 4, whose walls aline with the path of the steam as it emerges finally from the buckets, and the steam is then carried off directly by the exhaust pipe 4 without entering the main chamber of the casing. The curved arrows a, b and c in ig. 2 indicate the path of the steam as above described. The passage blocks 27 and 'l f 31 are fastened'rto their supporting member 7 23 in any suitable manner, riveting,

as by welding or or they may be integral therewith; and the .such member by screws 73 passing through such member and into the casing, thus removably fastening such member and all said blocks in position. The various pas sages in the passage blocks are formed with walls contracting toward their discharge vents, as particularly shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and their intakes are charge vents narrower openings registering therewith. A governor to control the valve 57 and regulate the supply of steamto the buckets comprises and is operated by the fQllowing parts: ''When the centrifugal force becomes sufficient to overstrip {22,- serving the spring 36,

m v v side the wings, thus firmly binding the",

. buckets in place-on the rotor body." I, which such sleeve encircles; and,

for brevity, "impimagi lg. of the end is conducted .by a suitable' passage, as the circular passage 3 in the easpasses through an opening held f piece from the cas ng or and 78 redelivered to I buckets at that time opposite the vents of after rod slidable radially in nozzle block 26 may be attached to Wider and their dis than the buckets" a am' YQI 'SJB8, pivoted at 38' onthe rotor body,

governor bell-crank lemove the sleeve along the rotor shaft 18, I

'collar'43, which movement, through the antifriction roller 47, operates the-lever 48, fulcrumed at 49; and thuscloses the valve 57 against the pressure of its spring 59 surrounding. the valve stem 58, by bearing against the adjusting nut 60, which may be lockedin proper adjustment by the jam nut 61, The pressure of the spring 36, one end of which is fastened to the sleeve 35, and the other to the collar 37, is adjusted by screws 39 threaded in such collar and jour-f naled on the rotor body, such screws being rorn accidental turning by their flat sideheads being held in engaging recesses 40 in the face of the rotor body. The cage 50 of theva'lve 57 is formed of a' separate frame of my gme, is conical in shape, as shown, and is adapted to tightly fit in a corresponding recess in such casing, in which it is'securely I held asby the retaining nut 56,-but may be readily removed. to effect repairs, cleaning,

etc.

A governor emergency brake to check the speed'of the rotor, is composed of, and operated by, the following arts: A brake shoe 65 adapted tofrictiona ly bear on the pe-- riphery of an interior circle 6 of the casing, concentric with the shaft, is carried by a hearings on the rotor. ien the centrifugal force becomes suflicient to drive the inclined "face of the lug of the brake shoe out of the holding engagement of the leaf spring 66 (whose presregulated by a suitable set screw 67 locked in desired adjustment by a locknut 68), the brake shoe will frictionally and operatively engage the circle 6. centrifugal force sufficiently diminishes, the spring 69, pressing on" the thrust collar 70 willw-ithdraw the brake shoe, and the spring 66 will again engage and holdthe lug. It will be seen that the brake shoe is thus positively retained in an entirely inoperativeposition until the centrifugal force is suflicient to carry its lug out ofengagement with the leaf spring.

Other parts are illustrated in and are indicated by the following reference characters, viz.. 7 indicates an internal rib in'the casing, operating to strengthen the same and to confine lubricating oil 92, as shown, in the oil chamber 8. The vapors in the casing chamber, stirred by the, motion of the running parts of my engine, take up When the i the drawings isa drain hole in the casing. 17 is a screw .plug closing an opening in the casing cover through which the screws 39 may be adjusted. 23 is a removable thin sheet of metal held between the nozzle block and its Dec. 27, 1910:

is redelive red supporting member to receive the wearing action of the steamjet. 62 isa passage leading from passage 51 to the rear of the valve 57 for the-purpose of admitting steam to balance the pressure of the steam on the face of the valve. The area of the face and of the rear of the valve on which the steam presses is normally equal. 63 is a screw plug closing an oil hole.-

Certain features herein described and shown in the drawings are made the subjects-matter of my other copending applications for patent, viz.: Ser. No. 599,280 filed Ser. No. 604,085 filed Jan. 23, 1911 and Ser. No. 604,086 filed Jan. 23, 1911.

My invention may manifestly be embodied in varying mechanisms without departing from its spirit; and I do not propose to confine myself to the construction shown and described. The buckets with their curved front and rear walls and peculiarly shaped sides are in efiect of approximately uniform cross-sectional area, for the bucket sides diverge outwardly in both directions from the middle, whereas the curved front and rear walls converge outwardly from the middle of'the bucket. In any event the bucket mouths are diverging. Passages in the passage blocks are shaped so that they are relatively wide at their inlets and relatively narrow at their outlets or nozzle ends. The result is that when the buckets and passage blocks are brought together as indicated, the fluid or steam is discharged from the passage noz zle into a relatively wide bucket opening and it is discharged from the bucket into an opening larger than that of the bucket.

I claim 1. In a machine of the character described, a rotorhaving a continuous series of rotor buckets, and a passage block having a passage through which the driving fluid from and to the rotor buckets in said series, said passage at its intake being wider, and at its discharge vent narrower,

. respectively than the discharge vent and intake of the buckets, the direction of said passage being in a plane at right angles to the rotors axis.

2. In a machine of the character described, a rotor having a continuous series of rotor buckets, a passage through which the driving fluir is redelivcred from and to the buckets in buckets, the direction dle outwardly and with and a passage block havin said series, at its discharge vent than the intake of'the buckets, the direction of said passage being in a plane at right angles to the rotors axis.

and which passage is narrower 1 3. In a machine of the character described, a rotor having a continuous series of'rotorbuckets, and a passage block having a passage through which the driving fluid is redelivered from and to the buckets in said series and which passage is wider at its intake than the of said passage-being in a plane at right angles to the rotors axis. 4. In a machine of, the character described, a series ofbuckets mounted on a rotor, said buckets provided with front and discharge vent of the rear walls which converge from their midside walls which diverge from their middle outwardly.

5.- n a machine of the character described, a series of buckets mounted on a rotor, said buckets provided with front and rear walls which converge from their middle outwardly and with side walls which diverge from their middle outwardly and passage blocks provided with nozzles narrower than the receiving end of said buckets.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a rotor with a series of radial flow buckets mounted thereon and passage blocks on opposite sides ofthe buckets provided with passages whose discharge nozzles are narrower and whose inlet openings'are wider than the respective opposed openings of the buckets.

7 Inv a machine of the character described, the combination of a rotor with a series of buckets mounted thereon and passage blocks on opposite sides of the buckets provided with passages whose discharge nozzles are narrower and whose inlet openings are wider than the respective opposed openings of the buckets, said buckets provided with separate walls which verge and diverge in pairs from the middle of the bucket outwardly.

8. In a machine of the character described, a rotor in combination with a series of radial flow buckets mounted thereon and passage blocks for the fluid on opposite sides of the rotor buckets, said rotor buckets of approximately uniform cross sectional area, and said passages shaped so that their discharge openings are wider than the bucket outlets.

In Witness whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v

WILFORD W. DAKE.

Witnesses:

VVILLIAMENA C. Yormo,

ANNA BOTTJE.

respectively con- 

